急急急 關(guān)于商務(wù)英語

A companys annual report must contain three key financial

statements -- the Balance Sheet (BS), the Income Statement

(IS), and the Statement of Changes in Financial Positions

(SCFP). An unqualified audit opinion from the auditor will

not be possible if any of the three statements is absent.

In an unqualified audit report, the auditor certifies that the

audited financial statements are prepared in accordance with

of the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and

are able to fairly presentthe companys financial position

at the end of the financial year and its performance as

well as the changes in financial positions for the financial

year. An unqualified audit report is also known as a clean

report.

　The BS is the statement that presents the companys

financial position at the year-end. The companys performance

and changes in financial positions for the year are respectively

presented by the IS and the SCFP.

　For a financial year, the company has a BS at the start,

another at the end. They are like two pictures of the company,

one taken at the start of the year, the other at the end of the

year. How the company changed from the first picture to the

second picture is captured by the IS and SCFP of the year.

　According to the opinion expressed by the auditor, there

are essentially three types of audit reports, the unqualified

or clean report mentioned above, the qualified report, and the

disclaimer. When an auditor cannot certify the fair-presentation

quality of the financial statements, he will issue a qualified

opinion or a disclaimer depending on the seriousness of the

matter. If in his opinion the financial statements are

so misleading that they are not able to fairly present the

companys year-end financial position, the performance and

financial position changes for the year, he should issue a

disclaimer.

　If he has problem with some (but material) part(s) of the

financial statements, a qualified opinion is in order. A

qualified opinion does not necessarily imply that the accounting

figure in question is false. As long as the auditor is not

satisfied with the fair-presentation quality of any material

financial, he should qualify his audit opinion with respect to

that financial. For example, if the audit work on a subsidiary

of the company, due to war, natural disaster, or some other

reasons, cannot be carried out to the satisfaction of the auditor,

the auditor may have to qualify his opinion on the consolidated

financial statements.